Access to the tool is subject to the "View rights on a context" permission, available in the "Users and Permissions" group
The "View Permissions" button is available in the context-sensitive ribbons (e.g., Content, Page).
Example on a page:

The "View Permissions" button is also available in the "Users, Groups, and Permissions" tab, under the Assignment group.

The tool displays a list of profiles assigned to the selected context.
A yellow banner at the top of the tool provides contextual information.

Two types of icons are used in the table:
The tooltip on the icon provides information on the rights set.
Two filters are available:

The tool displays the permissions for the current selection, if the tool supports it (see the list below).
If nothing is selected, the tool displays the permissions for the general context.
The current selection is supported for :
In the example below, the context is a piece of content:
